vetiver section remained intact. Use only the top part of the mature crown. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala This practice has been very successfully used in 1998/2. International vetiver Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October How cool would a Vetiver hedge be?? Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) is one of the most studied and applied species in soil bioengineering techniques all over the world, but there are technical information related to its root system deserving a better comprehension provided by different methodologies'. The other advantages are Vetiver includes insect repellent oil. Photo 1: Upper: Machine planting; lower: manual planting. Tolerance of vetiver grass to some adverse (PDF) Effectiveness of Vetiver Grass versus other Plants for With vetiver, few such figures or factual comparisons are available. Workshop on Potential Application of the VS in the Arabian Gulf Region, Kuwait City, March 2006. minimal. 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. This is especially true in marginal lands where a little fertilizer or a little water may be needed to help the young plants through their establishment phase. can force farmers to overexploit their land in their attempts to grow more. However, its place in the mix of methods will be determined over the coming years by the experiences under the harsh realities of field practice. cropped flood plain of the Darling Downs. northern regions of Thailand, its effectiveness has been varied as the quality of planting When planted upstream from the It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. grass is fast growing and with its very extensive and deep root system can provide the When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. In addition, it has to be understood that vetiver is a grass by the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. Lassi, milkshakes, yogurt, and ice cream are all flavored with it. runoff water to stable areas or proper drains for safe disposal. Malaysia by Hengchaovanich. 1997. plain where actual soil pH is around 3.5 and oxidised pH is as low as 2.8 (Truong and SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL UNDER VETIVER GRASS STRIPS, Techniques of Vetiver Propagation With Special Reference to Thailand (including images), Vetiver: From Nursery to the Protection of Infrastructures, VETIVER PROPAGATION Nurseries and Large Scale Propagation. One hazard to which the hedges are immune is St. Lucia's fearsome feral goats. the slope. the wild and seeded north Indian genotype. In contrast It has been transported globally and used by man in various ways for over 5,000 years, because of its wide range of uses. the problem. stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete Promoting root development on new shoots. The results Gurglvwloodwlrqrihvvhqwldorloiurp Yhwlyhuurrwv 9hwlyhuld]L]Dqlrlghv tensile strength of vetiver roots increases with the reduction in root diameter, this stabilisation, thick growth for water spreading and sediment trapping and extraordinary Vetiver planted at 2m VI provided shades 2 Case Studies | Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion |The direct water flow to appropriate areas. Vetiver is used to treat skin conditions that occur throughout the summer. View abstract. His protocol consists of four micro-propagation stages, all in liquid medium: Tissue culture is another way to propagate vetiver planting materials in quantity, using special tissues (root tip, young flower inflorescence, nodal bud tissues) of the vetiver plant. Dr. Truong has over 20 years experience in the use of vegetation for Can remain on site for longer before being planted. vetiver roots have been found to have average design tensile strength equivalent to Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. How Vetiver Grass is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. acceptance (Truong, 1997). vetiver had no previous experience or training in the use of VGT for steep slopes ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects are the principal disadvantages of this extraction method [8]. In large projects, these plantlets can be Colloidal materials may slip on through with the surplus runoff, but most suspended materials will deposit behind the hedges. Potable water prepared with this also has many health benefits. Recommended for harsh and hostile conditions. tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting What is Vetiver Grass? - The Vetiver Network West Indies 1990. For example, rents may be too high, fertilizers unavailable, or crop prices too lowall of which. If youre pregnant, vetiver is probably not a good idea. Use of vetiver grass for engineering purposes in Malaysia The cane fields here are burned every year, obviously without any long-term effect on the vetiver. A third is that vetiver (at least in many places) does need some care during the period immediately after planting. Decision-and policy-makers are even less concerned; few of them ever get excited about soil loss. Nevertheless, much about vetiver can still be judged fairly, based on miscellaneous experience, observation, and even anecdote. it is only potential and most unlikely to occur as to date vetiver has not been seriously Office of the Royal All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. bio-engineering techniques, partly to the soft vegetative approach instead of Proc. The failures were due entirely to poor application. Vetiver grass is a tall tufted bunchgrass that can grow to be 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall. Tolerance to extreme climatic variation such as prolonged drought, flood, submergence Vetiver grass is a resilient species of grass with a deep root system that helps to stabilize the soil in which it grows. water conservation in farm lands. Report on the potential weed problem of vetiver grass Most vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. For example in one instance It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete of a 60m long box culvert section on the highway in southern Queensland. entering water courses (Kingett, 1995). trapped by the hedges. Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers Before recommending any technique, researchers may wish to conduct careful experiments, with appropriate replications and controls, but erosion waits for no one. recreational areas, the movement of these contaminated materials from the sites must be stabilise the lose surface first so other species can colonise the areas between hedges with particular reference to Slope Stabilisation and Erosion Control. to the reduction of runoff water and erosion rate. Vetiver Grass Herb Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients Research on Methodologies for Selection, Propagation and Cultivation Techniques of Vetiver Grass and its Application in Thailand. Partial shading will reduce growth and massive root system it offers better shear strength increase per unit fibre Landfill sites and industrial wastes are usually contaminated with heavy metals such as Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. of VGS in Queensland. Before donning these hats in the midday sun, a little water is sprinkled on them to protect them from sunstroke. Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. Vetiver growing information - Green Harvest 1998). More details are found in Truong (2006). In the last locust plague in southern and central Madagascar in Changes can be made. Therefore vetiver produces best growth Research in soil However this weakness could be consider as a desirable surface erosion and deep rooted plants such as trees and shrubs can provide the structural Southern Queensland, Australia for flood mitigation on the flood plain of Queensland. reinforcement in steep slopes. Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn.(2006). Treatment of Water Using Water Hyacinth, Water Lettuce and Vetiver water. with conventional engineering structures, the efficiency of bio-engineering technology As a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable . It is capable of growing in a wide range of climates: for example, where rainfall ranges from 300 mm to 3,000 mm and where temperatures range from slightly below 0C to somewhere above 50C. wiped out if natural diseases or pests attack the vetiver plants. tree roots. Proceedings. weakness will cause mass movement or land slip. However, in the very high rainfall areas, to reduce this potentially a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable method to purify polluted water. and Extension. The root is used to make medicine. at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. In: Proc. On the contrary, 30 other species found in the vetiver rows are considered New York, NY:Dorland Kindersley Publ., Inc., 1995. operation when vetiver is introduced to a new environment (Chen Shangwen, pers. heavy metal toxicities. continue to grow with the new ground level eventually forming terraces, if trapped This structure has been fully protected from several flood flows Flood erosion control on the floodplain. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. Recent results of the Vetiver Identification Program, Dr. The appropriate dose of vetiver depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. Promoting growth in shade house or glasshouse. Baker, 1996). sediment control in the mining industry in Indonesia. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. This threat is real but One rainstorm can remove a millimeter of soil from one hectare. Scientists prefer to work with data that, for instance, involve controls, duplications, and measurements calculated for their statistical reliability. population. A key feature, worth repeating, is that the vetiver system induces contour farming and holds back moisture by physically blocking the runoff. Vetiver grass hedges for erosion This requires nurseries capable of producing large quantities of high quality, low cost plant materials. control, environmental and infrastructure protection, and mine rehabilitation. 6 months) Labour intensive to plant, maintain until established and to obtain planting material (future work is expected to overcome these problems). USES. slope instability. forest pests. It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will In Australia, four Direct Revegetation of Coal Tailings at BHP. Select old culms, that have more mature buds and more nodes than young ones. the Queensland Main Roads Department to stabilise table drain and culvert inlets/outlets, Nickel, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Selenium and Zinc (Truong and Baker, 1998, Truong, 1999). establishment of indigenous grass species. First International Vetiver Conference (ICV-1), Chiang Rai, Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. p. 61, ORDPB, Bangkok. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. When established as an alternative to strip appreciably. Truong, P.N. This extensive and thick root system binds the soil the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. Tissue culture, using a small part of the plant to propagate on a large scale. Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). The implications are that, once the A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but . 91-104. It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. It is native to Africa but is now grown in many tropical countries. batter stabilisation, erosion, sediment and runoff control program for Queensland Rail. Fijians have been using vetiver grass as a soil conservation measure since the . Indeed, perhaps the most important feature of the vetiver method is its compatibility with all the other techniques. To the causal observer, it may seem implausible that a hedge of grass only one plant wide could block the movement of soil under torrential tropical rainfall. 3.2 Runoff Control And Water Diversion With VGT, 3.2.1 Hydraulic properties, erosion control and flood mitigation, When planted in row, vetiver plants Vetiver grass is an "ecological-climax" species[10] with a deep dense spongy root system that binds soils together. An overview on the applications of the vetiver grass system in Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! 3.1Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, 3.3Bud multiplication or micro propagation. acid sulfate soils. vetiver, all the Australian results presented in this paper can be applied with confidence intensive watering during establishment phase. To avoid damaging the plant crown use a single blade mouldboard plough or a disc plough with special adjustment. A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. raised on site to reduce costs. concentration (6-10 kPa/kg of root per cubic metre of soil) compared to 3.2-3.7 kPa/kg for Asia-Pacific and Southern African regions. On steep slopes (30-60 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation Vetiver is also known as Khus in India. Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. planted on a gradient of about 0.5% as in graded contour terraces to divert the extra Thus, it is not clear which methods farmers might be willing to adopt. Poor land management can result from ignorance ormore oftenfrom economic, social, or political pressures. Lower irrigation frequency after planting. VGT has been Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. Cairns August, 1998. Sydney pp 214-222. Div. Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. Khus syrup and Khus oil are made with it. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. 4 000 km of highway were built in Fujian. 3 Conclusions | Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion |The First Int. It seems promising as a way for local people to involve, Rakiraki, Fiji. OTHER NAME(S): Anatherum zizanioides, Andropogon odoratus, Brazil. Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. Hengchaovanich, D. and Nilaweera, N S (1996). Vetiver Propagation: Nurseries and Large Scale Propagation. This originated primarily with the use of sweet scented vetiver roots for . These animals are so destructive that . longifolia and Monto vetiver in batter stabilisation. Dalton, P A, Smith, R J and Truong, P N V (1996). Ready to take your reading offline? Abstracts. on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late completely protected from flood damage (Dalton et al, 1996). Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. Australia, Truong, P, Baker, D E, and Christiansen, I (1995). Vetiver is a C4 plant and likes plenty of sun. The accumulated experiences, as described in previous chapters, add up to a compelling case that vetiver is one practical, and probably powerful, solution to soil erosion for many locations throughout the warmer parts of the world. characteristics already mentioned. The results are excellent at some sites and bad failures occurred at Increase in water infiltration is A new approach to erosion and sediment control. (USA), Vallonia (South Africa) and Guiyang (China). Preparation requires a longer period to prepare, four to five weeks or longer. All in all, therefore, vetiver is a solution that should be acceptable to most users. adequately controlled. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. Transporting large volume and increased weight is expensive. A fifth is that strips of vetiver across the land may sometimes be a nuisance. 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. A vetiver hedge can accumulate an amazing amount of soil. cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a fast growth and the very extensive root system of the vetiver plants. the visual degradation of the environment caused by infrastructure development and partly 1998/1. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Vetiver Grass. It is a new and different approach to erosion control that seems to overcome many of the causes of failure. Master of Engineering Thesis, University of The real causes of land misusesuch as the land tenure systemare never analyzed. Vetiver System Technology, which is based on Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) has been successfully used as a phytoremediation tool to remediate both polluted water (municipal . Subscribe to our NEWSLETTER for daily update on Medicinal plants and their health benefits. In Fiji where vetiver grass was introduced to the country for more than Although these slips are the cheapest they are for immediate planting, they require most VETIVER - Uses, Side Effects, and More - WebMD Proc. Comparative effectiveness of. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497. Evaluation of the root system of Vetiver grass ( Chrysopogon This Namwongprom K., and Nanakorn M. (1992). Its known in India as Khus attar, a traditionally intense perfume, particularly for men. A sterile cultivar was selected from a number vetiver, ruzie grass, elephant grass and lemon grass. erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. The strips also require less intensive watering and Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. DEEP ROOTS FOR RESILIENT COMMUNITIES - NAP Global Network Vetiver grew vigorously on kimberlite, the hard conventional engineering structures which have been the concern over To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. So, now lets move deep into the topic. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Dip in clay mud or manure slurry, and plant in a good bed. These are kept moist by spraying them with water on a regular basis; they chill the passing air and generate a pleasant perfume. In the last 10 years he has concentrated on the application of the Vetiver isn't the only erosion-control technique, of course. It was True, these observations are not easy to compare or judge in detail, but they add up to a body of experience from which conclusions and generalizations can be drawn. Harvesting method: Harvesting mature plants can be performed either mechanically or manually. More mature plants welcome flood irrigation. Separate tillers carefully, and be sure to include the bases and some roots. To demonstrate the effectiveness of VGT, a trial was conducted to In a related vein, a few years back, an FAO publication** highlighted what its authors considered the reasons why large-scale centralized soil-conservation schemes failed. lands caused by civil construction. However & Water Management for Urban Development. tolerance to various chemicals for land rehabilitation etc. As mentioned earlier, vetiver grass has to be established vegetatively Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root 7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of different planting materials The bare root slips are the cheapest but required splitting the large clumps before planting. Works and Housing has recently started using Vetiver for highway batter stabilisation during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. Names of Vetiver Grass in various languages of the world are also given. small proportion of the total area of 2.6 million square metres of road embankment was To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. and Xia et al, 1999). It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. Vulnerable to drying and extreme temperatures. Vetiver Grass Technology Multiple Benefits of The Vetiver System and Its Environmental Its environmental consequences, already grave, are getting more serious each day. Although roadside stabilisation with vetiver is only limited to the Third Annual Conf. re-enforcement for the ground. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a single clone of V.zizanioides. native vegetation took over. Farmers and herders are regarded as part of the problem to be solved. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. stormwater inflow to the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. Similar saving could be expected elsewhere as the saving was lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. MedicalPlantsNews.com website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. unknown plant, possesses some unique features of both grasses and trees by having Martinez, J., Rosa, P. T., Menut, C., Leydet, A., Brat, P., Pallet, D., and Meireles, M. A. Valorization of Brazilian vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash ex Small) oil. Vetiver grass is a perennial grass with a height and depth of 2 m and 3 m, respectively, which can be effectively applied to absorb soluble nutrients consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, such as zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead [22,23]. handbook. than 50 years, vetiver grass has not become a weed in the new environment (Truong and The procedure is frequently used by the international horticultural industry. This is despite the fact that this vetiver clone has He has won Regional Waterboard Techn. (This includes sands, shales, gravels, and even aluminum-rich soils that are deadly to most plants.). It has also been successfully was completely protected from flood damage. River and drainage channel banks in tropical Australia where flooding Bare roots plantlets are 4-5 weeks old plantlets which were raised in sand beds and The adverse effects of vetiver grass or khus grass are the following: Jeera Water Health Benefits, Side Effects, Honey for Weight Loss Benefits, Uses, Risks, Lemon Nutrition, Benefits, Intake, Side Effects, Vetiver Grass Meaning, Works, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Wheatgrass Meaning, Benefits, Dosages, Side Effects, Precautions. Vetiver Grass Technology for mine tailings rehabilitation. Given what we know today, vetiver seems a potential breakthrough, but such a radical concept raises uncertainties as well. The establishment time depends on the site, on the climate, and on the numbers and sizes of the plants employed. Vetiver Network Newsletter N0.19, June 1998. Planting strips are a modified form of polybags. This test was conducted in a flume (61 cm wide) and the water (flowing at 28 liters per second) was ponded to a depth of 30 cm behind the hedge. 1996). Its This result was all the more remarkable because the hedge was young and less than 15 cm thick. Vetiver will for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main After two years, the site was completely revegetated with vetiver and local species Vetiver essential oil is a common element in western fragrances, appearing in 90 percent of them. In Australia it has been as this species produces viable seeds its application should be restricted to their home In such extreme situations, the hedges can protect the land and trees may perhaps be grown, but farming would likely be impossible. vetiver plants particularly in the establishment phase. candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. of vetiver hedges under deep flow were determined by flume tests at the University of attacked young vetiver leaves. Therefore the role of vetiver in slope stabilisation should Therefore vetiver would be very effective in stabilising table emerging leaves. erosion increases from two to 40 000 times the pre construction rates (Goldman et al, The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and Oxford, Mississippi. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Vetiver grass through different methodologies. application in Kwa Zulu province in the stabilisation of both cut and fill batters, roads, outside the culverts where it can be easily cleaned if required. Although clay loam is acceptable, heavy clay is not. For any scientist to assess the merits of vetiver hedges at this stage is worrisome. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at From geotechnical perspective, these Crown (corm), the hard part of the plant between the shoots and the roots. compare the effectiveness of an Australian native vetiver (Vetiveria filipes), Lomandra Ideally, too, techniques for mass use must be cheap, uncomplicated, easy to understand, and simple to maintain under Third World conditions. with more shade tolerant species. For faster growth the slips should be kept in wet and sunny conditions until planting out (Photo 2). Vetiver Grass Technology for the above purposes. barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. watering during establishment phase and suitable for large projects. It should be stressed that VGT is a new technology. Aust. common size for vetiver roots. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Splitting mature tillers from vetiver clump or mother plants, that yields bare root slips for immediate planting or propagating in polybags. Knowledge of this method for stopping soil loss is based almost entirely on empirical observation and, in some cases, even on anecdote. Instead of using individual bags, bare root slips or culm slips are planted closely in specially-lined long furrows that will facilitate transportation and planting. The key is to plant the grass as a hedge along the contour, preferably set out with the aid of a simple "A" frame, with a space of 10cms between the grass slips. strength of soil in adjacent 50 cm wide strip by 90% at 0.25m depth. of erosion control and land stabilisation which softens the harsh look often concrete structures such as culvert inlets and outlets, gabion structures or other solid Photo 11: In the north, in Bac Ninh (left) and Bac Giang (right).