It is designed to provide a reference document for the Emergency Management Group (EMG) Information Cell when collecting information regarding RDD response. Commanders and staffs can recognize relationships among events in the area of interest, discern the way the enemy thinks, and forecast what he might do. You follow the process, and measure those items that are critical to quality. RI includes information about their activities, capabilities, and limitations. The two broad categories of EEIs to be collected are Incident Specific EEIs and ESF #8 Functional Element EEIs. Small Wars Journal is published by Small Wars Foundation - a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation. Human modification of terrain can change the shape of the land or its trafficability. Staffs use information from the COP to answer CCIR, including PIRs and FFIR, and to maintain their running estimates. Have environmental conditions (i.e. COP-related information is grouped into the major subject categories of METT-TC. While this is a simplified example the process can work just as simply and straight forward in an actual combat situation. From the Collection Battalion to the Army Service Component Command (ASCC), PIR (and the analysis that goes into answering them) are one the most important tasks of the Intelligence enterprise. Examples of good PIR include: Where will the Donovian commander commit his breaching force? How will the Donovians use chemical weapons? Most non-intelligence soldiers only ever see this part of the equation. Situational understanding includes understanding how the activities of different organizations may affect military operations and how military operations may affect these organizations' activities. IPB is critical to analyzing and understanding the effect of terrain on friendly and enemy COAs. Obstacles fall into two categories: existing and reinforcing. B-17. Technology must display RI about enemy forces and significant aspects of the environment within the same digital frame of reference as friendly force information. B-36. However, information alone has no meaning. This is no more important than at the theater or ASCC level. However, generating these keywords and phrases is also crucial for the research stage when using the internet. The civilian population may or may not successfully incorporate these changes within its existing cultural value system. What Are the Six Elements of an Information System? carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen), plants, animals, and microorganisms all require a range of elements in inorganic forms in varying . Close or broken terrain, heavy woods, built-up areas, and abrupt changes in elevation hinder heavy forces but provide cover and concealment for light forces. Data, or information, is the third element of a CBIS. What behavioral health assets can HHS OPDIVS and ESF#8 partners roster and deploy for prestaging? Depending on who you ask, there may be five or six elements to a computer-based information system. What are the illness and injury surveillance needs and capabilities of the potentially affected state(s)? In some circumstances, brigades and battalions also have to interact with these organizations. B-52. They influence and interact with the populace, the force, and each other. Anticipation and preparation can often overcome these effects, or even turn them to friendly advantage. As the name implies this is the information that indicates what the analyst is looking for is actually taking place. Cover and Concealment. Exceptional information is-. So where are the pilots? Commanders and staffs analyze capabilities from different levels. Why Identifying Essential Elements of Information Improves a - LinkedIn Essential elements of information - Wikipedia They tell the analyst what information the commander needs most in order to make decisions that can potentially change the outcome of the mission and save soldiers lives. The fourth factor of METT-TC is the number, type, capabilities, and condition of available friendly troops and support. Start out the presentation by addressing the audience and by appealing to them. This is information that helps to coordinate what type of collection asset would best be able to collect the information needed to answer the PIR. Key Terrain and Decisive Terrain. Have evacuation/relocation sites been identified? CCIR result from the analysis of IRs in the context of a mission and commander's intent. Specified by the commander for each operation. Essential Elements of Information - emilms.fema.gov Hardware is the most obvious part of a computer-based information system. Commanders can save more time by using standing operating procedures (SOPs), tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), and habitual relationships. These questions focus the analytical energy of the organization and provide areas of emphasis for collectors. This page is not available in other languages. Finding the things that are critical to quality means looking at the various possible failure modes, and root causes behind those failures. However, some operations (such as a combined arms breaching operation) require greater control and coordination than others (such as an exploitation). An introduction email should be part of your company's broader email marketing strategy. Weather can create opportunities as well as difficulties for each side. Status of progress? What is a Priority Intelligence Requirement? Beyond that, more RI can help commanders achieve mission success at reduced cost; however, waiting for that RI may carry an unacceptable cost in timeliness. What health services are available? Does it include at-risk needs? Using the indicators reported by the Shadow and JSTARS the analyst has determined that EEIs 1,2, and 3 have been answered. B-20. 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Large amounts of RI are collected as a routine part of operations. Others add a sixth element, communications, to the list. Intelligence | military science | Britannica Other knowledge products may be presented separately from, but in conjunction with, the COP. The highest terrain normally provides the best observation. What local partners and NGOs are operational in affected areas with the capacity to deliver critical health/safety information to affected individuals/areas, including the at-risk population? Lieutenant Colonel King holds a bachelor of arts in sociology from the University of Washington and a masters degree in strategic intelligence from American Military University. The EEI are specific to a particular event, thing, or other target individual. The analyst digests these indicators while working towards answering the Essential Elements of Information. The C2 system collects data from various sources to answer IRs. Once all the EEIs of a given Priority Intelligence Requirement have been confirmed the analyst can confidently state that a PIR has been answered. Because the ASCC has a larger footprint to support than a maneuver Division ACE, a PIR-driven analytical process is critical in order to manage the organizational resources throughout the depth of the Area of Operations (AO). The United States Department of Defense defines EEI as follows: The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence defines EEI as follows: The United States Army eliminated the term EEI from its doctrine in August 2014, though Joint doctrine still uses the term.[3]. Have rates of psychiatric illness been restored to pre-event levels? (See paragraphs 3-39-3-73.) Examples include national and religious holidays, agricultural crop/livestock and market cycles, elections, civil disturbances, and celebrations. They and others apply judgment to transform that knowledge into understanding. What is the status of behavioral healthcare infrastructure (e.g., hospitals, clinics, etc.)? B-22. Figure 2. You want readers to know what they're looking at right away by including a descriptive title and subheads, like the ones . FM 6-0 Appendix B, Information - GlobalSecurity.org IM provides the structure through which the C2 system collects, processes, displays, store, and disseminates information, and puts the commander's decisions into action. Civil considerations of the environment can either help or hinder friendly or enemy forces; the difference lies in which commander has taken time to learn the situation and its possible effects on the operation. Examples of key civilian areas are-. Capabilities include those areas in which the populace may need help after combat operations, such as, public works and utilities, public health, economics, and commerce. Evaluate healthcare organization, staff and supplies, Consider healthcare facility incident command status, Consider healthcare facility decompression initiatives, This page was last edited on 10 May 2021, at 19:34. Therefore, commanders and ASCC G2s must ensure an optimized intelligence enterprise by preserving and stewarding intelligence capabilities as well as the intelligence core tasks (e.g. What is the status of deploying personnel physical and mental health screening and availability of crisis counseling, vaccinations, immunizations, and other drug preventatives that may be needed? One of the misnomers regarding Priority Intelligence Requirements is that there can be only one set at a time. Essential Elements of Information Documents/information provided in the EEI should answer the following questions: Who Has legal responsibility to perform work What What was damaged/repaired or activities performed When Date when damage and work occurred Where Location where damage/work occurred Why What was the peril that caused the damage From this, commanders can determine how organizations and military forces can work together toward common goals when necessary. Commanders analyze key civilian areas in terms of how they affect the missions of their individual forces as well as how military operations affect these areas. An immediate priority for command and staff action. He has served at every echelon from platoon to combatant command and has deployed three times in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. What is the status of each FMS: occupied beds, vacant/available beds, supplies & equipment, patient contacts and capacity for at-risk populations since last report? They consider both friendly and enemy perspectives. The source used by the data collector. Just as hardware cannot function without software, software cannot function without data. Does the potentially affected state(s) plan to use EMAC for behavioral health resources? Commanders do not command civilian organizations in their AOs. Consequently, commanders never assume their operations will unfold as planned. Individually or collectively, people can affect a military operation positively, negatively, or neutrally. Judgment, a purely human skill, transforms knowledge into understanding. Each BOS develops its own IRs to answer CCIR and perform its functional responsibilities. The six most common elements of life on Earth (including more than 97% of the mass of a human body) are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and phosphorus. Until data is processed, it is often difficult to tell if it is relevant. EEFI are neither IRs nor part of the CCIR. They view capabilities in terms of those required to save, sustain, or enhance life, in that priority. TTPs include battle drills and tactical actions that lend themselves to standardized execution, such as refuel-on-the-move site operations. The analyst realizes that all the elements of the Priority Intelligence Requirement have been satisfied thus answering the overall PIR of where will the Donovian commander commit his breaching force? In order to focus the intelligence enterprise, the MIB (T) and the G2 use Priority Intelligence Requirements (PIR) as its main driver to focus the intelligence apparatus. What are the Federal recommended levels of supply? Essential elements of information (EEI) is any critical intelligence information required by intelligence consumers to perform their mission. This provides a clear set of priorities for allocating resources to answer IRs. In this example the EEIs for this PIR would look something like, Will the Donovian commander use his fixing force against Alpha Company in Granite pass? or Will the Donovian commander use his fixing force against Charlie Company in the Central Corridor?. What is the status of the affected companies/facilities manufacturing ordistributing animal food/feed and veterinary drugs in the impacted area? It is based on experience, expertise, and intuition. Applicable only to the commander who specifies them. CCIR include priority intelligence requirements (PIRs) and friendly forces information requirements (FFIR). The elements of an information system are customers, business processes, product services and communication technology. What is the status of Federal health and medical facilities in the affected area? Moreover, commanders and staffs begin to recognize what they do not yet understand-they identify the uncertainty that exists. B-58. What is the forecasted need for behavioral health care resources over the next 72 hrs 1 week? Customers are beneficiaries of products . From the Collection Battalion to the Army Service Component Command (ASCC), PIR (and the analysis that goes into answering them) are one the most important tasks of the Intelligence enterprise. Examples of good PIR include: Where will the Donovian commander commit his breaching force? How will the Donovians use chemical weapons? Most non-intelligence soldiers only ever see this part of the equation. What is the status of safety and security of human drugs, biologics, medical devices, and veterinary drugs in the affected area? Have outbreaks/reports of abnormal disease/injury or disease/injury rates been restored to pre-event levels? Capabilities can refer to the ability of local authorities-those of the host nation, aggressor nation, or some other body-to provide a populace with key functions or services, such as, public administration, public safety, emergency services, and food. Column 1, EEI Number - The reference number assigned to each EEI to be collected. Commanders consider cover and concealment to identify potential friendly and enemy locations. Each level of information has a different value in supporting command and control (C2). B-33. The answer to this PIR ends up being, the Donovian commander will commit his breach against 1-24INs battle positions. Effective IM focuses on CCIR. Is DOD assistance available to provide patient transport/ground transport capability support, including at-risk populations? B-39. Commanders have legal and moral responsibilities to refugees and noncombatants in their AOs. Still, many of the teachers I spoke to said this simple change is vital. Keeping this focus demands vision on the part of the commander and understanding of the commander's intent and CCIR by subordinates. This important but often overlooked aspect of the PIR can help the collection manager to properly assign collectors. Social, political, religious, or criminal enclaves. Simultaneously, bad weather can help the defender by making offensive movement more difficult. Then, the EEI questions are used by collectors of the information that may not be in direct contact with the consumer at the time the information is collected. 4-Uses Mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environment spatially. These may include church groups, fraternal organizations, patriotic or service organizations, labor unions, criminal organizations, and community watch groups. 5-Analysis of this information. Relevant information is also placed into four categories based on how it is used: B-56. However, it is important to realize that they exist. Have environmental radiation measurements been accomplished in the affected area(s)? What is the projected requirement for DoD worker crisis counseling and mental health and substance abuse behavioral health capabilities/support? Data is the lowest level of information on the cognitive hierarchy. B-18. It also depends on how much time is usable; for example, for some activities, hours of darkness are useable time, while for others they are not. However, commanders may determine that they need to know whether one or more of the EEFI have been compromised or that the enemy is collecting against a designated EEFI. Essential elements of information can range anywhere from road closures, evacuation center status, total disaster costs, ICU beds occupied, debris management and more. (USINSCOM), proper implementation of the intelligence apparatus, using a PIR-driven methodology and enterprise synchronization, is part of a Line of Effort (LOE) for most Brigade Commanders and the HQs, as it is key task to set the theater. EEFI are often key factors in designing military deception operations. EEIs, or measures of situation awareness work the same way as quality control measures work on a process. The World in Spatial Terms a. Different COAs may have different key terrain associated with them. EEI ensures incident personnel gather the most accurate and appropriate data, translate it into useful information, and communicate it with appropriate personnel. This trigger being met will require the commander to implement that decision. (See figure B-1.) They should also help highlight recovery issues and barriers to recovery. What is the Federal plan for distribution and allocation of medical supplies to include main and alternate supply points and supporting terminals to be used or considered? 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Intelligence does not come as raw data; to be RI in C2, it must come through the intelligence cycle. In computer-based information systems, procedures are frequently covered in instruction or user manuals that describe how to use the hardware, software and data. As with organizations, people may be indigenous or introduced from outside the AO. What is the status of SNS? B-69. B-51. However, when their resolution is necessary to accomplish the mission, commanders become concerned with them. Use this choice board to reinforce and/or introduce the Six Essential Elements of Geography. If for example your higher headquarters is concerned about drug trafficking and you know that drugs flow freely through your area of responsibility having a PIR regarding drugs that aligns with your higher headquarters will help to give you a higher priority for collection and analytical support. B-47. Exceptional information is processed as an answer to one of the CCIR. The human body on the left uses the same . The second step of intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) helps commanders with this complex task. Has the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN) been alerted? They plan to exploit success and aggressively look for opportunities, keeping within the higher commander's intent.