In other words, its the attempt to create human-robot hybrids which, as we know from EVERY MOVIE EVER MADE ON THE SUBJECT, never ends well. Perspectives which advocate non-scientific or pseudoscientific religious claims intended to directly confront scientific discoveries should be evaluated on both a scientific and a theological basis, with acknowledgment of how the most reliable sources consider the subjects. Well, not all of us, but scientists speculate that early hominids ate magic mushrooms as a regular part of their diet, and by 5000 BCE Sumerians were smoking opium to experience more joy. Similarly to the Christ Myth, this theory holds that the founder of Islam never existed at all. Articles about fringe theories sourced solely from a single primary source (even when it is peer reviewed) may be excluded from Wikipedia on notability grounds. Fringe science theories are often advanced by persons who have no traditional academic science background, or by researchers outside the mainstream discipline. Including such a controversial quote needs to be carefully contextualized as a particular point of view. Only a very few of these actually have any meaningful peer review outside of promoters of the fringe theories, and they should generally be considered unreliable. Likewise, exceptional claims in Wikipedia require high-quality reliable sources. The documentary concludes that certain US presidential candidates have been selected and promoted to win elections, while others are threatened, accosted, and ignored by the media. Wikipedia is also not a crystal ball: While currently accepted scientific paradigms may later be rejected, and hypotheses previously held to be controversial or incorrect sometimes become accepted by the scientific community (e.g., plate tectonics), it is not the place of Wikipedia to venture such projections. [30], As Donald E. Simanek asserts, "Too often speculative and tentative hypotheses of cutting edge science are treated as if they were scientific truths, and so accepted by a public eager for answers." Peer review is an important feature of reliable sources that discuss scientific, historical or other academic ideas, but it is not the same as acceptance by the scientific community. Wikipedia:Fringe theories - Wikipedia Grey Literature Review of the Undergraduate Theses of the Bicol After his execution, his main detractorsthe Bishop of Nantes and the Duke of Brittanyseized his assets and divided them among themselves. Theory of Planned Behavior. He was an acquaintance of the Boston Marathon bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and was killed while being questioned about the bombing and a triple homicide that occurred in Waltham, Massachusetts, on the evening of September 11, 2011. Evolution, the Big Bang Theory and Continental Drift were at one time considered fringe science. For example, Lyell D. Henry Jr. wrote that, "fringe science [is] a term also suggesting kookiness. Bio weaponization is nothing new. They are needed to demonstrate that an idea is sufficiently notable to merit a dedicated article about it. These physiological features, plus a few others (enlarged brains, empty sinuses, and descended larynxes), constitute concrete proof for supporters of the theory. The water is then pumped into about 1,000 storage tanks, which have started to leak. When discussing topics that reliable sources say are pseudoscientific or fringe theories, editors should be careful not to present the pseudoscientific fringe views alongside the scientific or academic consensus as though they are opposing but still equal views. However, the theory was heavily derided in its infancy by the mainstream scientific community. - Collectively their conclusions are ground-breaking. The speech is said to include Franklin saying that the Jewish people will amass in large numbers and attempt to change the US government. Wikipedia is neither a publisher of original thought nor a soapbox for self-promotion and advertising. After His death, He escaped the tomb on His own or with the help of His disciples. According to this theory, the British arent the only ones descended from the Lost Tribes of Israelthe Japanese are as well. Simply including such a statement in the lead or in a section on scientific evaluation of Bigfoot claims is potentially misleading, non-neutral, and lacking in verifiability. The Duke even appropriated Raiss wealth while the trial was still ongoing. Fringe theories often surround bizarre news stories, coincidences, geological features, or strange events, because when were presented with unverified speculation, we often like to investigate the topic further in an attempt to find an answer. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science, as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities. Fringe science refers to ideas whose attributes include being highly speculative or relying on premises already refuted. In 1919, the British-Israel-World Federation was set up in London and joined by some prominent political figures, including the Prime Minister of New Zealand, William Massey. Donora is a small town located on the Monongahela River, 39 kilometers (24 mi) southeast of Pittsburgh. For example, the lack of peer-reviewed criticism of creation science should not be used as a justification for marginalizing or removing scientific criticism of creation science, since creation science itself is not published in peer-reviewed journals. [3] Other examples include conspiracy theories and esoteric claims about medicine. (PDF) The search for new drugs: a theory of R&D in the pharmaceutical Efforts of fringe-theory inventors to promote their theories, such as the offering of self-published material as references, are unacceptable: Wikipedia is not an advertising venue. The study's findings will open a wide range of researchable topics and will usher in new trends in computer science. Unfortunately, The FBI has sealed all documents in the case, so it is impossible to determine what really happened. The neutral point of view policy requires that all majority and significant-minority positions be included in an article. Fittingly, another term for these schools of thought is fringe science one that Gordin prefers, after researching fringe theories since the late 1990s. While similar to Heribert Illigs Phantom Time Hypothesis, this fringe theory by Russian mathematician Anatoly Fomenko takes the issue of time forgery to even more insane heights. Quotes that are controversial or potentially misleading need to be properly contextualized to avoid unintentional endorsement or deprecation. Supporters of this idea state that the Phoenicians certainly had the means to carry out transatlantic voyages. It must be shown that reliable sources treat the journal as a respected peer-reviewed journal. In 1215, King John enacted the Magna Carta, which was one of the first documents to support democracy. It said that no freeman could be punished except by the law of the people. Scholarly opinion is generally the most authoritative source to identify the mainstream view. There are people who are notable enough to have articles included in Wikipedia solely on the basis of their advocacy of fringe beliefs. A careful use of words and the adoption of a disinterested tone will ensure that a reader is not spoonfed opinions as facts and vice versa. Alchemy is the now-defunct pseudoscientific quest to discover the philosopher's stone, coveted by the particularly greedy and those who couldn't cope with their own mortality. In fact, its origins are rooted in Bchamp's empirically disproven (in the context of disease) theory of pleomorphism. Proponents of fringe theories have used Wikipedia as a forum for promoting their ideas. Lets hope North Korea doesnt figure out the whole nuclear weapon thing. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. If proper attribution cannot be found among reliable sources of an idea's standing, it should be assumed that the idea has not received consideration or acceptance; ideas should not be portrayed as accepted unless such claims can be documented in reliable sources. Bush can be seen having a private conversation with Larry King about the drug Halcion (about 6:20 in the above video). Agran gained public support during his campaign, but he was banned from debates and conferences. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. Claims that are uncontroversial and uncontested within reliable sources should be presented as simple statements of facte.g. Primary sources about research and investigations should only be used to verify the text and should not be relied on exclusively as doing so would violate Wikipedia's policies on original research. In 2002, the Franklin Prophecy was mentioned by Osama Bin Laden in his Letter to the American People. Many aspects of the theory point to a clear forgery and hoax. Articles have been published claiming that the radioactive plume from the original disaster will reach the West Coast of the United States and Canada in early 2014. Reliable sources on Wikipedia may include peer-reviewed journals; books published by university presses; university-level textbooks; magazines, journals, and books published by respected publishing houses; and mainstream newspapers. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Fringe: Season 1 [Blu-ray] at the best online prices at eBay! Superseded theories in science - Wikipedia For example, the Moon landing conspiracy theories article may include material from reliable websites, movies, television specials, and books that are not peer reviewed. The pop science audience is in millions and you can't assume they all have similar opinions. The sourced contribution must simply aid in the verifiable and neutral presentation of the subject. The victims were given knives, hammers, and machetes to protect themselves. 39462, posted 15 Jun 2012 12:52 UTC The Search for New Drugs: A Theory of R&D in the Pharmaceutical Industry Massoud Khazabi1 University of Ottawa The paper . However, a lack of consideration or acceptance does not necessarily imply rejection, either; ideas should not be portrayed as rejected or carry negative labels such as pseudoscience unless such claims can be documented in reliable sources. In 1937, Jewish scholar Hugh J. Schonfield published a book that suggested the Toledot was older than originally thought and may be the Gospel of the Hebrews. The document has fallen out of popularity but remains a point of controversy in the Christian faith. Our ancestors moved on to other sources of food, resulting in modern humans reverting to a comparatively primal state. Fringe Science - Exploring the Bounderies of Research 10 Far-Out Theories About Beloved Sitcoms, Top 10 Far-Out Theories About Fan-Favorite Films, 10 Fantastically Elaborate Hoaxes Perpetrated Just, 10 Ways The Watergate Scandal Was Far Worse Than You Realize, Top 10 Ideas That Were Far Ahead Of Their Time, 10 Times When Reality TV Went Too Far - 2020, Top 10 Signs Trigger Warnings Have Gone Too Far, 10 Historical Shoe Rituals and Superstitions You Might Not Know About, 10 Unusual and Incredible Reinterpretations of Classic Artworks, 10 Ancient Fertility Treatments You Wouldnt Want to Use Today, 10 Inventive Ways People Survived Winter Before Electricity, 10 Bleak Facts about Victorian Workhouses, 10 Amazing Archeological Discoveries Made by Dogs, Top 10 Hoarders Who Were Killed By Their Own Hoard, 10 Shocking Cases Of People Who Attended Their Own Funeral, 10 People Who Claimed To Be Time Travelers, Top 10 Everyday Items Removed From The Human Anatomy, 10 Weapons That Backfired In Terrible Ways. One of the most infamous Mexican drug lords in history, Lazcano was known for his extreme violence, and built an empire of 10,000 gunmen that spread from the Rio Grande into Central America. So far, Fomenko and his believers continue to work on their theory, despite being criticized by mainstream historians and scientists for their unconventional methods and views. Many encyclopedic topics can be evaluated from a number of different perspectives, and some of these perspectives may make claims that lack verification in research, that are inherently untestable, or that are pseudoscientific. The ultimate conspiracy being that the United States government wouldnt admit to the negative health implications of fluoride, so instead decided to promote the chemical for public health benefits and place trace amounts in peoples drinking water. Some believe that the ancient Phoenicians were the first people to ever successfully set sail to the Americas, allegedly reaching the east coast of Central America more than 2,000 years before Columbus. A fringe theory is an idea that departs from the mainstream view. It is also best to avoid hiding all disputations in an end criticism section, but instead work for integrated, easy to read, and accurate article prose. Pseudoscience usually relies on attacking mainstream scientific theories and methodology while lacking a critical discourse itself (as is common among proponents of creation science), relies on weak evidence such as anecdotal evidence or weak statistical evidence (as for example in parapsychology), or indulges a suspect theoretical premise (such as the claims of water memory made by advocates of homeopathy). [2]:176, The term "fringe science" covers everything from novel hypotheses which can be tested by means of the scientific method to wild ad hoc hypotheses and mumbo jumbo. They allege that the Soviets had prepared a massive invasion force, ready to strike Nazi Germany first. 10 Chinese Alchemists Discovered Gunpowder. Are there any fringe conspiracy theories developed under democratic societies with a healthy freedom of press that are now widely accepted as fact? Some scholars have suggested the book was put together no earlier than the sixth century, while the earliest mention of the book is thought to have come from the year 826. Yes, that is correct, his name is Rich Walker. Notable perspectives which are primarily non-scientific in nature but which contain claims concerning scientific phenomena should not be treated exclusively as scientific theory and handled on that basis. After the story made headlines, the girl said that she wasnt surprised by the connection because the people seemed to have a common trait of wanting power. The strongest argument is that the records of Muhammads exploits, the Quran, and Islam only became known to the rest of the world long after the birth of the religion. Policies discourage this: if the only statements about a fringe theory come from the inventors or promoters of that theory, then "What Wikipedia is not" rules come into play. Fringe-science The aquatic ape theory states that our ancestors lived a semi-aquatic existence, inhabiting the edges of large bodies of water. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. It was initially reported that Todashev was killed while alone with the FBI agent. The Donora smog is one of the most deadly air pollution disasters in US history. Fringe theories may be excluded from articles about scientific topics when the scientific community has ignored the ideas. In contrast, many mainstream articles do not link to articles about fringe theories. The prominence of fringe views needs to be put in perspective relative to the views of the entire encompassing field; limiting that relative perspective to a restricted subset of specialists or only among the proponents of that view is, necessarily, biased and unrepresentative. Sefer Toledot Yeshu (The Book of the History of Jesus) is a medieval Christian gospel which presents the life of Jesus in a fairly different light. In late October 1948, something strange happened in Donora, Pennsylvania. Remember the Latin Bible? Critics of the theory say that it is based on highly speculative amateur research and lacks any substantial basis, while believers continue to focus on the historical linguistics of certain place names and scriptural interpretations of historical text. Since that time, the theory has been heavily investigated in the study of allergic disorders. The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences. McKenna based this theory mainly on his own experienceduring his lifetime, he personally indulged in numerous psychedelic substances. A concept that was once accepted by the mainstream scientific community may become fringe science because of a later evaluation of previous research. For one, His crucifixion was too brief (around six hours) to ensure certain death. The Washington Post has also asked for answers about how Todashev died. Category:Fringe theory - Wikipedia Superseded_scientific_theories - chemeurope.com However, information in the book indicates a potentially earlier publication date. Whereas Illigs hypothesis drops approximately 300 years off the calendar, Fomenko asserts that 1,100 years of history have been a total sham, thanks to the machinations of churchmen in the 15th and 16th centuries. Fringe science - HandWiki Second, His disciples took away His body quickly, and prepared His burial in secret. The quote should only be included if it can be contextualized in a verifiable and neutral sense as a point of view of the Bigfoot Field Researchers Association and not necessarily a factual statement.