Such issues are common in contemporary urban environments. What kind of issues? This is partly due to Gentrification of the East Village as city workers move in. The UK won, and the planned legacies were put into action. The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Whether the Games were cost-effective depends very much on the perspective of the individual. Anonymous, no date. sailing in Weymouth. A fleet of 200 electric vehicles transported Olympians, supported by 120 charging stations that created the UKs largest network of recharging points. [39], The 80,000-seat Olympic Stadium will be converted into a 25,000-seat multi-purpose venue to be mainly used for athletics events. Many Londoners challenged the high cost of the Olympics and the 20 per year council tax rise to fund it as well as the possibility of white elephant sites like the Millennium Dome being left. Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. In order to create the site, 450 Housing Association flats, which is where the poorer people lived, were torn down. There are also now academic options for pupils between 3 and 18. The Stadium should become the hub of east London activities when the games end. When the Olympics were hosted here, it caused Regeneration of the area. London has proposed Games based on providing world-class facilities and services for the athletes, and a legacy for sport and the community. An impressive 85 per cent of UK schools signed up to this programme. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. This makes Stratford a good place to live if you have children. Remember to attempt a counter-argument and rebuttal, and that this is a formal letter so you should be using formal business language. 380 businesses relocated away from park to make way for Olympics, Cost of living in the area for poorer people will increase. The Illusory Economic Gains from Hosting the Olympics World Cup. With it, Stratford saw a lot of work opportunities. Sign up to highlight and take notes. Whenever there was no plan for a specific venue, it would be built as a temporary one. In East London, about 7 miles from Central London. At the time of the bid, 60% of the venues and facilities were in place. The main aim is that we reduce the Negative Impacts of Regeneration. Each athlete and official is guaranteed their own bed over 17,000beds in total. [4], Overall, do you think that the Games were a success? There were also to be many upgrades to National Rail services with the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, a new high-speed rail link, several new stations and upgrades to stations such as King's Cross St Pancras. London's successful bid to host the 2012 Olympics has kick-started regeneration programmes in the area. 1952: London's trams trundle into history. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. It will feature a 5,000 seat arena and a training pitch.[39]. Take a walking tour of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to find out how the space has been transformed since the 2012 Games. This made it an ideal location for putting up the park, especially since it was located only seven minutes from Central London. Before industrialisation, Stratford was an agricultural community. Economically, the Games occurred during the recovery from the global financial crisis of 2008-10, and many people felt that the approximate cost of GBP10bn to be too high, despite the lasting benefits to the environment and the future of the economy. 1988: Piper Alpha oil rig ablaze. Olympic Park Case Study: Urban Regeneration | StudySmarter Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Some reasons were the overseas competition, loss of the British Empire, and insufficient industrial and technological innovations. The Head of the IOC evaluation commission praised the passion behind the London 2012 bid when they visited Stratford and other places in the city. Some urban areas are targeted for regeneration because of challenges, such as deindustrialisation, dereliction, economic decline and mass deprivation. The bid envisaged that 80% of athletes would be within 20 minutes of their events and 97% would be within 30 minutes of their events. Suburbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from town centres into the outskirts (suburbs). from June to October. Construction of all of the buildings mentioned above created 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of that workforce being local residents. This would include a nursery and primary and secondary schools. This was primarily paid by lottery funds, meaning that other things, such as the arts, lost out on a lot of money. Examples are ponds, woodlands, and artificial otter holes. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. The city's regeneration helped to rebuild the area, but its impact adversely affected some of its population. However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. Afterwards, it is predicted that this would support another 2,500 jobs. [32] Olympic tickets go on sale on 15 March 2011[33] and should remain on sale until the start of the event, depending on availability. Stratford's status, along with the already existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. 2012 was about the Olympic Games and also about the Paralympic Games. [1] Public transport, an aspect of the proposal which scored poorly for the bid, saw numerous improvements, including to the London Underground and the new "Olympic Javelin" service.[4]. This meant that about 560 acres of land had been cleaned in order to build it. Islam Issa says: "The county became a hub for Confederates in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. In some boroughs, unemployment went up during the Olympics rather than down. Environmental - Some of the ways the park is sustainable are walking routes, water-efficient design of homes, and protecting natural habitats. This meant that buildings would either be re-purposed on-site or moved to another location. The population density per hectare was greater than in London (68.8 to 47.3), the family income in pounds per year was significantly lower than in London (28,948 to 37,073), and the unemployment percentage was higher than in London (7.8 to 4.5). As of the time of the bid, projections for the cost of the 2012 Olympics were low. It seems likely that there was a political influence in the decision such as the French president insulting the Finnish delegation by complaining about the quality of Finnish food. Key elements of urban regeneration are economic transition, employment change, social and community building and sustainable development. One of the major causes of push factors in town centres has been deindustrialisation. Fig. Its 100% free. Furthermore the cost of travelling and accommodation would rise across London which many thought would outprice tourists and leave many events under-attended. Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London, Londons bid was one of the most compact Olympic Parks only about 2 square kilometres, so minimal impact on land use in the area, Sizeable available brownfield sites for redevelopment, as well as the green spaces of the Lower Lea Valley, so there would be opportunity for further growth, Development of a major transport hub in the form of Stratford International Station, The athletes village was planned to be converted into 2818 new homes, of which about 40% would be affordable homes for low and middle income families and disabled people, Emphasis on urban regeneration: the swimming pools were planned for conversion into public pools after the Games, Suitable location for further post-Games industry e.g. Olympic Delivery Authority 2006-2014 final report. There were advantages and disadvantages to this regeneration. The conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the East London Community. Often asked: Why Did Newham Need Regeneration? During the Victorian Era, the Metropolitan Building Act, the new railway, and the creation of the Royal Docks accelerated industrialisation. As well as simply an increased awareness, there is now much more pressure from stakeholders and the public to act in a way that is not detrimental to future people and the environment. It was changed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. Tessa Jowell, the former Minister for Sport, once told a parliamentary committee that regenerating Stratford without hosting the Olympics would cost 300 million. There are great places to live, such as The Stratford, a 42-storey tower with 248 rental flats and a sky garden. Wihbey, J. Transition away from dependence on non-renewable resources, and instead use renewable resources (e.g. During its use in the 2012 Games, the following were built: After the Games, the Olympic Park closed and plans were made to reopen it to the public after alterations were made. The Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy, in Portland Harbour, Dorset, on the south coast of England, would be used for the sailing events. Out of the three newest schools in the area, two have received an 'Outstanding' award from Ofsted, the Office for Standards in Education. The Olympic Zone encompasses all of the facilities within the 500-acre (2km) Olympic Park in Stratford. [39], The Aquatics Centre after the games will include two 50-metre pools, a 25-metre diving pool and a fitness centre. Only 1 bus an hour from Monday to Saturday, Only 1 bus every 2 hours on Sunday. Royal Geographical Society - Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) This includes 4,000 trees, 74,000 plants and 60,000 bulbs, and 300,000 wetland plants. What are the key elements of urban regeneration? The Lower Lea Valley had poor soil conditions, but the soil was cleaned up on site. What types of accommodation is available at Croyde? Now, both areas have significantly improved infrastructure, environmental quality, housing provisions, services and economic opportunities. London 2012 was the successful bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London with most events taking place in Stratford in the borough of Newham. Some commentators have argued that it would be better to invest directly in grass roots sport. The LOCOG planned out the uses of important stadiums and transportation systems after the games, as well as the social factors of the 2012 legacy. Other legacy items would include the conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the east London community with a nursery and primary and secondary schools, and the conversion of the media and press centre into a creative industries centre for east London. Everything you need for your studies in one place. Urban regeneration is when an urban area, such as a town or a city, is transformed by . This is because Stratford is now a more affluent area, increasing the cost of living. Stratford is located in east London, about 7 miles northeast of Central London. Stratford was also chosen for the 500-acre Olympic Park as the area already had existing waste and industrial land. The plans would contribute to the regeneration of Stratford in east London, which would be the site of the Olympic Park, and of the neighbouring Lower Lea Valley.[7]. Regeneration can solve help the urban problems such as taking derelict, polluted, brown-field places to be restored and used for new purposes. When the Metropolitan Building Act restricted dangerous and toxic industries from operating in the metropolitan area, many businesses relocated to the river banks. During the construction of the Olympics, there were very few jobs for local people. Eventually, some 8,000 people will be able to live in the 5 new neighbourhoods created from the Olympic Parkland. The park is sustainable in a number of ways, eg walking and cycling routes, the provision of public. Royal Geographical Society - Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Many jobs were lost, the economy was shattered, the area became derelict and the land was heavily contaminated. The choice of Stratford in London The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London For example, the Host Borough of Newham had 4,364 residents employed by LOCOG or by their contractors and a further 5,518 employed indirectly on the Games in the lead-up and at Games time. This brought in a lot of work opportunities, and most of these workers lived in the same town, which eventually became known as Stratford New Town. Public transport and infrastructure were significantly improved. Regeneration through property development has the potential to create vibrant new communities. It will be extended further northwards, with the legacy road cycling circuit straddling the A12 and extending into the old Eton Manor site, where the mountain biking area will be located. At the time of the bid, those involved in British sport were hopeful that there would also be a 2012 legacy of increased commitment to sport in the UK, with the social and health benefits they believe that could bring, but it will be difficult to assess whether or not this really happens. Following three consecutive unsuccessful UK bids to host summer Olympic Games (Birmingham for 1992 and . 5 Facts About London Olympic Park | Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park [6], http://crln.acrl.org/content/75/1/24.full, http://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/23434844, https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/02/140221-olympics-sochi-rio-de-janeiro-london-boris-johnson-montreal-athens-world/, https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/02/03/270950685/did-london-get-an-economic-boost-from-the-2012-olympics. This site has a great number of additional sources that you could explore, for example if you are looking at the Olympics for the purposes of an extended essay. 1 - Map of London showing Stratford Google Maps 2022. This lasted for several decades before it was regenerated prior to the 2012 London Olympics. The organising committee planned some of the following legacies. https://journalistsresource.org/studies/government/infrastructure-government/economic-and-cultural-benefits-of-the-olympics-research-roundup Accessed 17 January 2018. 62.88 25.49 13 items. A town centre, like an urban area more generally, is a common place targeted by regeneration projects. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Lloyds (bank) estimated that the Olympics generated 10 billion in extra income. (a) Yes (b) No (c) Maybe, Sustainable Development Goals: A Balloon Debate, How do you know that? That estimate may have been a. Being situated so close to London was beneficial as it provided a ready market for its produce. It is a global city with a reputation across the world. 2016. On this page, we look at the London Olympics of 2012 as a case study of the costs and benefits for one country hosting an international sports event. [1] On 6 July 2005 at its 117th Session in Singapore, the IOC awarded London the right to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad. 300,000 plants were planted in the Olympic Parks wetland area. Stratford in east London, near the Olympic park, has undergone a massive investment drive to pretty it up in time for the Games, and now boasts Europe's largest shopping center. Sustainable urban regeneration aims to meet the demands of the current population without compromising on the needs of the future population(s). Stories From 6 Jul. Stratford: Regeneration (A Level) Case Study | StudySmarter Works at Stratford, with workers. A Tracey Manning, working men's caf, East End Centre, 2006 Tracey provided breakfast to the local workers beginning at 4 a.m every day for 13 years. Answer (1 of 11): It's been a couple of yearslast I checkedsince I graduated, but here is my experience. Stratford was chosen to host the 2012 Olympics meaning large amounts of FDI were attracted to the area. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. Stratford is a town in east London, England about 7 miles northeast of Central London. Urban regeneration case studies, as the name suggests, are examples of regeneration projects occurring in urban areas. Containerisation. She added, "It was in every speech and every word."[42]. Four of the five finalist cities were from Europe. The need for compulsory purchase orders was also highlighted as a possible problem for the Olympic Park, but IOC did not expect this to cause any "undue delay to construction schedules".[8]. http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/London_2012_Facts_and_Figures-eng.pdf Interesting facts in general. This prompted the introduction of regeneration projects in both places. The Royal Docks eventually closed to commercial traffic in late 1981. Buildings that were going to get a new life after the Games were permanent buildings. After the games, they either got broken down or relocated to be used elsewhere. Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. While many of the planned legacies were met, there were some disadvantages along the way. Stratford was home to the athletes' Olympic Village and several key sporting venues: the London Stadium, London Aquatics Centre and the Lee Valley VeloPark.The ArcelorMittal Orbit was constructed to overlook the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, an observation tower and Britain's largest piece of public art. London Olympics puts focus on gentrification of Stratford 4. Olympic Park case study urban regeneration. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Because of the deprived status, the existing waste and industrial lands available, and the close location to the City, Stratford was chosen by the UK for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. When the Docks closed in 1982, there were a lot of issues. Expenditure from overseas visitors in August, including Games ticket sales, totalled GBP 4.5 billion. Athlete's Village (now known as East Village, London), Olympic Stadium (now known as London Stadium), Eton Manor (now known as the Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre), Riverbank Arena (dismantled after the Games). The River Lea, which runs through the Park, was improved, including its water quality. It scored poorly on the transportation and public/government support aspects of the evaluation, but received a 10 in accommodations. The focus on sustainability across regeneration projects has increased as awareness of environmental issues, such as climate change, has increased. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. [3]. 3 - Liveability can include how walkable or cyclable a place is. The Westfield Stratford City - the largest urban shopping mall in Europe. The main Olympic site . "The most important thing is to show people that the Government is absolutely behind the bid", said Mr Blair, who travelled to the Far East before returning to chair the 31st G8 summit at Gleneagles Hotel in Perthshire, Scotland. The British Olympic Association had been working on the bid since 1997, and presented its report to government ministers in December 2000. The earlier stages of the football competition were played at football stadia around the country including: The Olympic Village was located in Lower Lea Valley in east London. Current regeneration in Stratford is set to cost an extra 1 billion. Its multicultural population meant that all countries would be well supported at the games. In order to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012, new venues needed to be built. "I didn . Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. What is the best time to visit Croyde and why? A Blue Flag must be applied for first, A charity organisation concerned with protecting the sea and its wildlife. Also some venues (such as those for sailing) were outside the boundaries of Greater London. Summary - Favelas - urban planning - favela - bairro project geography gcse. [40] The transformed stadium will consist of a 3,000-seat velodrome, road track, competition and play BMX tracks, and a mountain biking course for use by all levels of cyclists. The Olympic Park was a Brownfield site having suffered from Deindustrialisation. London 2012 Olympics: Has the games built a legacy in - LondonWorld East London underwent deindustrialisation between the 1960-70s as it couldn't compete against newer container ports. The city beat the favourite Paris 54 to 50 on the fourth and final ballot. The purchased buildings were demolished to make way for Olympic venues and infrastructure improvements. East London, and mainly Stratford, was regenerated for the 2012 Olympics, costing around 10 billion. REGENERATION CASE STUDY: London 2012 Olympics (Why was London chosen?: REGENERATION CASE STUDY: London 2012 Olympics . These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. London's Lea Valley: the Olympic Park story - Historic England The plans laid out for improvements included the expansion of the London Underground, specifically the East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway, and the North London Line. A regeneration project run by the Merseyside Development Corporation from the 1980s onwards has allowed the area to transform into a hub for investment, tourism and commercial activity. Its demolition in 2007. There are a lot of great places to eat, drink and relax, from cafes and restaurants to theatres. But the . Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park is a sporting complex and public park in Stratford, Hackney Wick, Leyton and Bow, in east London.It was purpose-built for the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, situated adjacent to the Stratford City development. 3. There are a lot of green spaces, from the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to the Hackney Marshes. noise and environmental. However, the criteria of the IOC included government support and public opinion, city infrastructure (such as transport), sports venues and experience, olympic village and accommodation, environmental impact and legacy, safety and security, and finance. Which 3 legacies were planned in the bidding process? The regeneration did not only change Stratford but also London in general. What was Stratford like after the decline? Affordable housing is still unaffordable for the poorest people in Newham. Some of the support can be attributed to the city's "Back the Bid" campaign, which included the slogan on posters that were hung around London in the months leading up to the decision to award the 2012 Games to London. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Olympics and their economic impact: Updated research roundup. Outside of London the success was not universally welcomed, with fears that the event would divert funding from the rest of the country and that the rest of the United Kingdom would be forced to help fund it, for no benefit. Sustainable regeneration projects are providing a way to upgrade places in the long-term without compromising on the needs of the future generation(s) and the environment. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. . This closure led to massive unemployment and social problems across East London, and Stratford was no exception. Suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation happen for many reasons, including a mixture of push (factors persuading people to move out of a place) and pull (factors attracting people to another place) factors. The first Join In weekend (encouraging volunteerism as the profile was increased from volunteers at the Olympics), in August 2012, featured over 6,000 events. [22], Australian construction company Lend Lease Corp Ltd was chosen to build the Olympic Village. There are many areas that have been regenerated, the Tower Hamlets have had the most projects, whilst other areas such as Islington, Lambeth, Hackney and Southwark have also had many regeneration projects. All venues that will not have a planned use after the games are over will be built as temporary venues. this increased developments of property, services and business zones . [22], The committee outlined plans to donate the sports equipment used in the Games to sports clubs and charities in the United Kingdom. 2005: London to host 2012 Olympics. Environmental - the Olympic bid was partly successful on the basis of sustainability. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Summary Stratford Olympic regeneration - GEOGRAPHY GCSE AQA Everything you need for your studies in one place. Stratford became one of the most deprived communities in the UK, with low-income families and high unemployment. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. With the purchase of a ticket, each person is entitled to free transportation on London's public transport system for that day. One of the most prominent of the proposed legacy is the conversion of the Olympic Village into 3,600apartments, most of which will be affordable housing. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_282767.pdf Visitors impact especially useful on p8. Currently, about 40% of the 2,818 houses will be affordable. Afterwards, an estimated 2,500 jobs are available. In addition to stadium seats, there would be 20,000 10 (US$19) tickets for the Olympic Park to watch events on big screens. During July and August 2012, visitors spent about GBP 760 million in the UK, averaging GBP 1,290 per person almost double the normal amount. For example, London will have paid for an 80,000-seat athletics stadium, but will only possess a 25,000-seat stadium. Negatives: The Olympic stadium is estimated to have cost 701 million pounds, almost 3 times the original estimate Socially there were many benefits (see below) but these were not always long-lived, and participation in sport has now returned to pre-2012 levels. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Some venues were built as permanent venues and got new use after the games. This makes Stratford a good place to live. Case study - urban regeneration in Stratford, London The IOC evaluation commission chair Nawal El Moutawakel speaking at a press conference in London observed: "We could feel it, hear it and see it." Many of the materials used for construction came from overseas rather than local businesses. ODA [Olympic Delivery Authority], 2015. Independent experts said Games preparations were a major factor behind a 1.2 percent reduction in Londons unemployment rate in early 2012. Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park - Wikipedia The Olympic stadium ended up costing almost 3 times more than initially estimated: 701 million. People who could afford it moved away, leaving behind the poor(er) people of the communities. The games produced 3.3 million tons of CO2. It was chosen from nine cities, with five shortlisted to make formal bids (Paris, Madrid, Moscow, London, and New York).
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