Dental Terminology, Abbreviations and Definitions - Aspen Dental The working arch is the arch of teeth in the oral cavity that is being prepared for the fixed protheses. For example, the tooth being prepared is the lower left 6. This means the working arch is the lower arch. The opposing arch is the arch of teeth in the oral cavity that is opposite the working arch. coping: A thin covering of the coronal portion of the tooth usually without anatomic conformity. Overdenture A removable In contrast, arboreal species with little sexual dimorphism generally exhibit very slight canine projection, with the notable exception of gibbons. alloy: Compound combining two or more elements having properties not existing in any of the single constituent elements. If the force exceeds the capillary blood pressure in the PDL, then the PDL will necrose or hyalinize and become cell free. The dual arch impression procedure should only be used when certain criteria are met. Dentition 9-3, B) (requires twice the force of tipping). carious lesion: A cavity caused by caries. The total number of deciduous teeth is 20 in Old World monkeys and apes and 24 in New World monkeys. 9-3, D) (requires the greatest amount of force). resin and quartz particles). TMD: See temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD). The first of these, the deciduous or milk dentition, occupies the same position in the dental arch as the subsequent successor teeth. palliative: Action that relieves pain but is not curative. allogenic: Belonging to the same species, but genetically different. bounded tooth space: See tooth bounded space. In this arrangement the lower canine usually fits into the diastema during occlusion and thus lies anterior to the upper canine (Figure4.2). In addition to each tooth in the dental arcade being designated by a letter and number, the position of the number for a given tooth is used to indicate the dental arch in which the tooth appears. This system includes codes for Supernumerary Teeth. vertical bitewing: A dental image with a central projection on which the teeth can close, holding it in a vertical position for the radiographic examination of several upper and lower teeth simultaneously. keratin: A protein present in all cuticular structures of the body, such as hair, epidermis and horns. For periodontal procedures, an area of soft tissue recession on a single tooth or an osseous defect adjacent to a single tooth; also used to indicate soft tissue defects and/or osseous defects in edentulous tooth positions. evulsion: Separation of the tooth from its socket due to trauma. No interventions are required to maintain a patent airway, and spontaneous ventilation is adequate. Webopposing dentition: Variations: opposing teeth, antagonist teeth: See also: occlusion, opposing arch, opposing model, bite classification, antagonist, Angle's classification, hyperplastic: Pertaining to an abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or a tissue with consequent enlargement. Posterior to the incisors and the premaxillary suture is the canine. incisal: Pertaining to the biting edges of the incisor and cuspid teeth. Tim D. White, Pieter A. Folkens, in The Human Bone Manual, 2005. The following release is a sample only. The putty/wash techniques fall into 2 basic categories: (1) a single-step procedure where the putty is loaded into the tray and inserted immediately after syringing a wash material around the prepared tooth or teeth, or (2) a 2-step procedure where the putty is used to take an impression before starting the preparation, allowed to set, and implant case the fixture that is placed between the implant body (aka implant post) and the restorative prosthesis (e.g., single crown; denture). moderate sedationa drug-induced depression of consciousness during which patients respond purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile stimulation. accession: Addition of a test specimen, previously collected by a health care provider, to a laboratory specimen collection; recording of essential specimen identification data in a laboratory-maintained file in chronological order of laboratory specimen acquisition; assignment to the specimen of an identification code. cementum: Hard connective tissue covering the outer surface of a tooth root. These tumors are very unpredictable in behavior; some are slow growing and remain relatively benign; others are highly aggressive and so carry a hopeless prognosis. mandibular canal - The passage which transmits vessels and nerves through the jaw to branches that distributes them to the teeth. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Incisors are abbreviated I and are numbered from the midline. intravenous: See definition under anesthesia. root planing: A treatment procedure designed to remove cementum or surface dentin that is rough, impregnated by calculus, or contaminated with toxins or microorganisms. See facial. tooth bounded space: A space created by one or more missing teeth that has a tooth on each side. frenum: Muscle fibers covered by a mucous membrane that attaches the cheek, lips and or tongue to associated dental mucosa. How Long should a Shortened Dental Arch Stretching the PDL applies a pull on the alveolar bone and stimulates the osteoblasts to deposit new bone. It is intended to control local irritational factors. immediate denture: Prosthesis constructed for placement immediately after removal of remaining natural teeth. biopsy: Process of removing tissue for histologic evaluation. dental assessment: A limited clinical inspection that is performed to identify possible signs of oral or systemic disease, malformation, or injury, and the potential need for referral for diagnosis and treatment. permanent dentition (adult dentition) Refers to the permanent teeth in the dental arch. ), A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z. Glossary Part 1 defines clinical terms often encountered when selecting the appropriate CDT Code for patient record-keeping and claim preparation. chronic periradicular or chronic periapical abscessAn inflammatory reaction to pulpal infection and necrosis characterized by gradual onset, little or no discomfort and the intermittent discharge of pus through an associated sinus tract. Figure 2.2. apexogenesis: Vital pulp therapy performed to encourage continued physiological formation and development of the tooth root. During fabrication, the aim is to achieve uniform fit of the removable restoration base on the jaw using special impression materialsand procedures. The area of the removable restoration that covers the hard palate in the upper jaw is referred to as the palatal plate (fabricated from acrylic or metal) and a section on the edentulous alveolar ridgeis referred to as the saddle. facial: The surface of a tooth directed toward . A wad of chewing tobacco is often wedged between the cheek and the buccal surfaces of the molars of American baseball players. You can also reach out to us from 8:00 a.m. to 5 p.m. Central time, Monday through Friday by phone 800.621.8099. : The intentional removal, radicular repair and replacement of a tooth into its alveolus. Another consideration pertains to the symmetry of the dentition. Dental floss often gets stuck in interproximal areas. 4 divisions of teeth in the mouth. Dental Assistants' Association of Australia Inc. Step 1: Remove the provisional, refine your preparations and initiate soft-tissue retraction protocol (Fig. The first stage is the one of interest here, namely from birth to the eruption of the 20 primary teeth that occurs just before the child reaches 3years of age. For example, the tooth that is being Because many orthodontic conditions are inherited, we strongly recommend that such animals treated for orthodontic conditions not be used for breeding purposes. root canal therapy: The treatment of disease and injuries of the pulp and associated periradicular conditions. This often involves a simple acrylic denture, with bent wire clasps if necessary. Anterior deciduous teeth have many of the same characteristics as their permanent counterparts. Intermittent: force drops to zero when a removable appliance is removed and is regained when the appliance is replaced. moulage: A positive reproduction of a body part formed on a cast from a negative impression. Thus, the first maxillary incisor would be written as I1. retrograde filling: A method of sealing the root canal by preparing and filling it from the root apex. Radiographically, there is an aggressive lytic appearance of these lesions, with a diffuse mixture of bone and soft tissues, often in a partially loculated form. occlusal surface: A surface of a posterior tooth or occlusion rim that is intended to make contact with an opposing occlusal surface. Old World monkeys and apes (as well as humans) have retained only two premolars, i.e. stress breaker: That part of a tooth-borne and/or tissue-borne prosthesis designed to relieve the abutment teeth and their supporting tissues from harmful stresses. denture base: That part of a denture that makes contact with soft tissue and retains the artificial teeth. If a removable restoration is only to be worn temporarily, e.g. Titanium and Titanium AlloysTitanium (Ti) > 85%. by report: A written description of the service provided that is prepared when the term "by report" is included in a procedure code nomenclature; must be part of the patients record and included on the claim submission. osteoplasty: Surgical procedure that modifies the configuration of bone. overdenture: A removable prosthetic device that overlies and may be supported by retained tooth roots or implants. Occlusion and splint therapy | British Dental Journal - Nature orthotic device: Apparatus used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities, or to improve the function of movable parts of the body. It is based on quadrants and identifies each tooth individually as to class (denoted by a single letter) and order of its location for that class (denoted by a number). The incisal edges of the central incisors are used to bite into an apple. malignant: Having the properties of dysplasia, invasion, and metastasis. Retrouvey, in Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development, 2008. equilibration: Reshaping of the occlusal surfaces of teeth to create harmonious contact relationships between the upper and lower teeth; also known as occlusal adjustment. incisor: A tooth for cutting or gnawing; located in the front of the mouth in both jaws. Some of the syndromes and associated genes, including cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD, OMIM 119600) (RUNX2) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP, OMIM 175100) (APC), are associated with supernumerary tooth formation. Mark M. Smith, Loc F.J. Legendre, in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Dogs and Cats, 2012. The teeth immediately posterior to canines are the premolars. Interproximal: the area of a tooth in contact with an adjacent tooth in the same jaw. distal: Surface or position of a tooth most distant from the median line of the arch. Also called allogenic graft or homograft. for a total of 32 teeth. After months and years the bony denture-bearing area resorbs individually by varying degrees (physiological and pressure atrophy). Delayed eruptions are more frequent, Down syndrome being the most representative group. periodontium: tissue complex comprising gingival, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone which attaches, nourishes and supports the tooth. Custom made or pre-fabricated thimble-shaped core or base layer designed to fit over a natural tooth preparation, a post core, or implant abutment so as to act as a substructure onto which other components can be added to give final form to a restoration or prosthesis. Hierarchy of restorative space required for different types of cusp: Pointed or rounded eminence on or near the masticating surface of a tooth. Full restorations (full/complete dentures) replace all the teeth in an . WebIn the illustrated case, a three-piece sectional provisional has been fabricated. Compressing the PDL and compressing the periodontal space applies compressive pressure to the alveolar bone and stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone. Definition Identifies the ANSI/ADA/ISO Tooth Numbering System, a HIPAA standard code set not commonly used in the United States, but used in many other countries. keeper or keeper assembly: Any one of various devices used for keeping something in position (Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms, 9th Edition; Academy of Prosthodontics); see precision attachment. Removal of deep seated intrinsic or acquired discolorations from crowns of vital and non-vital teeth through the use of chemicals, sometimes in combination with the application of heat and light. exfoliative: Refers to a thin layer of epidermis shed from the surface. The canines appear shortly after, between 19 and 23months. The upper incisors are the only teeth rooted in the premaxillary bone. inhalation: See definition under anesthesia. Distal: opposite of mesial. The correction of malocclusions in animals has moral, ethical, and legal implications. semi-precision attachment: A laboratory fabricated rigid metallic extension of a fixed or removable partial denture that fits into cast restoration, allowing some movement between the components; attachments with plastic components are often called semi-precision attachments. In some species, particularly the smaller New World primates, dental maturity may be accelerated and may precede skeletal maturity. gingivitis: Inflammation of gingival tissue without loss of connective tissue. Dental Impressions: Definition, Purpose & Procedure Typically, the deciduous teeth of each dental quadrant include two incisors, di1 and di2 (or i1 and i2); one canine, dc (or c); and two premolars, dp3 and dp4 (or pm3 and pm4) in Old World monkeys and apes or three premolars, dp2, dp3, and dp4 (or pm2, pm3, and pm4) in New World monkeys. cephalometric image: A standardized, extraoral projection utilized in the scientific study of the measurements of the head. transplantation of tooth: Transfer of a tooth from one socket to another, either in the same or a different person. behavior management: Techniques or therapies used to alter or control the actions of a patient who is receiving dental treatment. periapical radiograph: A radiograph made by the intraoral placement of film, phosphorous plate, emulsion or digital sensor, for disclosing the apices of the teeth. May be photographic or radiographic. Examples include use of a papoose board, education or anxiety relief techniques. The Ness Visual Dictionary of Dental Technology - ptc-dental.com As the dental arches grow and elongate, the teeth erupt, and the tongue assumes a more posterior position. Current Dental Terminology (CDT): The ADA reference manual that contains the Code on Dental Procedures and Nomenclature and other information pertinent to patient record keeping and claim preparation by a dental office; published biennially (e.g., CDT 2020). acid etching: Use of an acidic chemical substance to prepare the tooth enamel and or dentin surface to provide retention for bonding. regional block anesthesiaa form of local anesthesia that induces numbness in areas of the mouth and face. Removable restorationsare a subcategory of prosthetics. avulsion: Separation of tooth from its socket due to trauma. pulp cavity: The space within a tooth which contains the pulp. P2, P3, and P4, of the original four primitive mammalian number. Additionally, if the tooth is from the right upper quadrant, the complete notation would be RI1. buccal: Pertaining to or toward the cheek (as in the buccal surface of a posterior tooth). 3950. anterior: Mandibular and maxillary centrals, laterals and cuspids. Telescopic denture (wax try-in, stone model). microorganisms: A minute living organism, such as a bacterium, fungus, yeast, virus or rickettsia. interproximal: Between the adjoining surfaces of adjacent teeth in the same arch. glass ionomer: A restorative material listed as a resin in the CDT manuals Classification of Materials that may be used to restore teeth, fill pits and fissures, lute and line cavities. This delay is still within normal limits, especially when the child has been born prematurely, and delay may be expected for his entire dentition. a structure of bowlike or curved outline. mouthguard: Individually molded device designed primarily to be worn for the purpose of helping prevent injury to the teeth and their surrounding tissues. The magnitude of the force applied to the crown of the tooth is critical. Dental floss often gets stuck in interproximal areas. splint: A device used to support, protect, or immobilize oral structures that have been loosened, replanted, fractured or traumatized. The alloys are defined on the basis of the percentage of metal content and listed in order of biocompatibility. The primary teeth are smaller and have a shallower anatomy than their successors. : Code that identifies a tooth numbering schema that may be used on a claim submission. The CDT Code is printed in a manual titled Current Dental Terminology (CDT). Dental impressions are used for any device that has to fit over or replace any of your teeth, such as: Because alginate impression material reacts favorably to water, it produces accurate dental impressions even in the presence of saliva. root: The anatomic portion of the tooth that is covered by cementum and is located in the alveolus (socket) where it is attached by the periodontal apparatus; radicular portion of tooth. follow-up care Any care provided after a procedure; a service whose nature, scope and timing is determined by the clinical and professional judgment of the dentist. In this exception P3 is unicuspid, and its anterior surface forms a sloping shoulder which the upper C abrades against during jaw closure thus sharpening the distal canine edge. S. Schwartz, J.M. parenterala technique of administration in which the drug bypasses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (i.e., intramuscular [IM], intravenous [IV], intranasal [IN], submucosal [SM], subcutaneous [SC], intraosseous [IO].). occlusal: Pertaining to the biting surfaces of the premolar and molar teeth or contacting surfaces of opposing teeth or opposing occlusion rims. See Specification No. There is no scheduled replacement, although some maintenance may be necessary (e.g., cleansing; replacement of the replaceable component of an attachment), procedures that are documented with their applicable codes. Note: The terms definitive and permanent are often used interchangeably. A classic primary dentition: the 20 teeth are straight, well aligned, and have a pleasing appearance. temporomandibular joint (TMJ): The connecting hinge mechanism between the base of the skull (temporal bone) and the lower jaw (mandible). xerostomia: Decreased salivary secretion that produces a dry and sometimes burning sensation of the oral mucosa and/or cervical caries. The three classes of duration are: Continuous: force gradually diminishes (but does not reach zero) between adjustments. composite: A dental restorative material made up of disparate or separate parts (e.g. Intrusion: tooth is moved into the alveolus (Fig. The following terms concerning methods of anxiety and pain control are found in CDT code nomenclatures and descriptors: analgesiathe diminution or elimination of pain. Also known as biologic response modifiers. histopathology: The study of disease processes at the cellular level. This type of designation, however, has not been used consistently by researchers and clinicians who are unfamiliar with the evolutionary history of the premolars. deep sedation: See definition under anesthesia. Usually includes six anterior teeth and eight posterior teeth. Generally, removable restorations cover segments which are extended to a greater or lesser extent, supported by and cover the load-bearing mucosa. exostosis: Overgrowth of bone. The interim period of time for a restoration, a prosthesis or a procedure, is determined by the clinical and professional judgment of the dentist. pulp cap: See direct pulp cap; indirect pulp cap. sialolithotomy: Surgical procedure by which a stone within a salivary gland or its duct is removed, either intraorally or extraorally. sextant: One of the six relatively equal sections into which a dental arch can be divided, for example: tooth numbers 1-5; 6-11; 12-16; 17-21; 22-27; 28-32. homologous: Similar in structure. See apexification. cement base: Material used under a filling to replace lost tooth structure. extracoronal: Outside the crown of a tooth. foramen: Natural opening into or through bone. - Answers The opposite arch, or set of teeth. So for example if they say extract a first molar tooth on the upper arch but it may cause over-eruption of the opposing tooth in the opposing arch, it means the first molar tooth but in the lower arch. The distal half of a premolar is the posterior half of the tooth. The tumors are identified by their characteristic histological appearance. alloplastic: Refers to synthetic material often used for tissue augmentation or replacement. Three ceramic onlays (Figure 5) and a 3-unit metal ceramic bridge with metal occlusal surfaces (in order to gain interocclusal distance) were fabricated in the dental laboratory. The development of dental hard tissue begins in utero between 4 and 6months. arch complete denture: A prosthetic for the edentulous maxillary or mandibular arch, replacing the full dentition. Cervical: at, around, or pertaining to either the neck proper (the portion of the body between the head and shoulders) or to any of a number of anatomical constrictions referred to as neck or cervix. Dental plaque tends to build up along the cervical margins of teeth. WebA dental specialist whose practice is limited to the interception and treatment of malocclusion of the teeth and their surrounding structures. Primary teeth are also whiter due to increased water content. Loops are twisted tight as the wire is held taught in place along the teeth. The radiographic appearance can be very similar to osteosarcoma (see above) and squamous cell carcinoma. WebDental porcelain is chemically very stable, and does not deteriorate with time. parafunctional: Other than normal function or use. See diagnostic cast. vestibuloplasty: Any of a series of surgical procedures designed to increase relative alveolar ridge height. tomography: An X-ray technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross section of tissue structures at a predetermined depth. Hyuk-Jae Edward Kwon, Rulang Jiang, in Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences, 2018. Bleaching has been achieved through short and long term applications of pastes or solutions containing various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide. There are no definitive reports of metastatic spread of the malignant forms of these tumors, but this may reflect the short clinical duration, which inevitably results in euthanasia before secondary tumors could develop elsewhere. The permanent dentition of higher primates is usually complete soon after skeletal maturation is achieved. Congruency can be restored by relining the denture base. sedative filling: A temporary restoration intended to relieve pain. Various versions of partial restorations supplement existing teeth and/or implants. New World monkeys have retained three, i.e. gingivectomy: The excision or removal of gingiva. radiographic/surgical implant index: An appliance, designed to relate osteotomy or fixture position to existing anatomic structures. Centric relation is the most retruded, unstrained position of the mandibular condyle within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), that is, within the glenoid fossa. What is most important is the sequence of the eruption.
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