ICARDA and its partners have developed improved varieties of a range of crops - wheat, barley, lentil, faba bean, chickpea, grasspea, field pea and forage crops. Gonzalez-Cepero/INCA) On Farm Demonstration of Improved Varieties of Faba Bean ... Regionally divergent roles of the South Korean state in ... They have higher yields than the mainstream varieties. (PDF) Developing Crop Varieties with Improved Nutrient-Use ... Jharkhand Government approves release of eleven improved ... Economic benefits of crop diversity - Crop Trust It helps in the development of crops with desired traits such as high yields, disease resistance, quality product and response to fertilizers. The uniform varieties are more prone Of these, 7 are crop varieties from cereals, 9 crop varieties from pulses and Oil crops and 5 are crop varieties from seed spices. Farmers will need a genetically diverse portfolio of improved crop varieties, suited to a range of agro-ecosystems and farming practices, and resilient to climate change. - Protecting the crop from loss. July 2018; DOI:10.1007/978-3-319 . The foundation of Mendelian genetics enabled plant breeders to cross plants with new precision, carefully manipulating the plant genome to produce new, improved varieties. PDF Release of Improved Crop Varieties by IQQO During the ... ICAR's Central Tuber Research Institute (CTCRI), in association with the National Department of Agriculture (NDA), is promoting improved and climate-resilient varieties of tubers developed by it among tribal communities within the state. Chapter 4 Crops and varieties. It was developed by selection from germplasm collected from Uttar Pradesh by CCS HAU, Hisar. Other improved crop varieties have a greater adaptability to a changing climatic, biological, or physical environment. JP 33, JP 52, JP 61, JP 64, JP 81 and JP Karishma 100 are the improved wheat varieties developed by Jai Prakash. A greater understanding of plant mechanisms that increase yields in variable environments is essential to drive the necessary gains in crop improvement, which can be fuelled by genetic diversity and implemented by genome-scale breeding, finely-tuned gene engineering and more-precise agronomic management practices. ".the candidate genes we identified represent a genetic goldmine to engineer more . The days to maturity in these varieties varies from 95-100 days . The plant genomics market has high potential in emerging markets, such as Asia Pacific, due to the . The development of these ICVs is geared toward increasing farm productivity and income, reducing hunger and malnutrition, and minimizing food insecurity, particularly among developing economies like Ghana. "Matching management practices can produce 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha additional yield of DTRVs when they are . Abstract: The use of improved high yielding crop varieties is an important avenue for reducing hunger and food insecurity in developing countries. Improved varieties as expected performed better than the local ones for both crops (Tables 2 and 3). VL 829- This variety has been approved for early sowing in unirrigated land in the lower . Improving crops in sub-Saharan Africa is one of IITA's top priorities. To improve the agricultural productivity and farmers' livelihoods, several agricultural technologies (improved crop varieties and related agricultural practices) were introduced by various agencies to the farmers in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia. variety Remarks 1. Mustard 5 7. PMID: 24267272 . State-bred rice varieties helped achieve national food production goals during the Green Revolution of the 1970s, but these varieties were highly unpopular and were abandoned soon, as the government . Organized under by the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) to make ensure food . Some studies in West Africa using the economic surplus approach show that adoption of improved maize varieties is associated with improved household welfare ( Alene et . Yet despite these challenges, examples abound of crop varieties that have been successfully bred for increased disease- or pest-resistance. 2.1. We can raise different strains of food crops with desirable traits naturally as well as scientifically. Table 1. OSU groundbreaking heralds continued 'guarantee' of providing farmer access to improved crop varieties STILLWATER, Okla. - Oklahoma Foundation Seed Stocks has more than doubled its annual production of Foundation Seed developed by Oklahoma State University plant breeders over the last five years, leading to the need for a new, much-larger . Given the many phases of crossi … However substantial number of the farmers were still holding on to the traditional crop varieties thus these farmers had not adopted any kind of improved crop varieties (Table 1). "As it is located around the equator, it has various soil types, climatic conditions and topographies," he said. Access and use of seed of improved varieties of groundnut among farmers can improve farmers' livelihoods and contribute to the potential of crop production in Tanzania. More about this book. In addition, our scientists produce biofortified crops that address hunger and micronutrient deficiencies particularly in children and women. 2013 Nov 21;20(11):1305-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.11.003. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most crop grown in the highlands of and thi region is regarded as the second largest wheat production in sub-Saharan Africa and its contribution to the human diet put it Cleary in the first rank of plants that feed the world. These varieties have yield advantage of 15 to 20 percent over the existing varieties. Improved Crop varieties in Nepal 1. Descriptive statistics like mean and tabulation were used to analyse the crop performance concerning yield of the experiment harvested from demonstration plot. Number of the improved field crops released in Bhutan (1988 ± 2017) Field crops Total nos. Plant breeding has several useful applications in the improvement of crop plants. According to the Zimbabwe 2021 crop and livestock survey report [1], area planted with biofortified crops in the 2020/21 season was 11,990 ha (7,662 ha in vitamin A maize (0.4% of total maize area), and 4,328 ha in iron beans (12% of total bean area). Crop Variety Improvement. Let's know some of the modern improved varieties of wheat and modern farming practices. The three Pigeon pea varieties, Kudrat 3, Chamatkar, Karishma were developed from Asha and Malviya 13 varieties. Initial challenge to improve crop yields is to find a crop variety that increase crop yield. Maharjan Tribhuvan University S.R. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Agriculture are developing research-based technologies to help farmers increase productivity and production efficiency while practicing sustainable agriculture. Farmers are faced with the challenge of producing sufficient crops to meet growing consumer demand while maintaining the quality and quantity of resources for future generations. Wheat 3 4. yield Where recommended (q/acre) 2 3 4 Wheat Irrigated conditions i) Timely sown HD 2967 It is double dwarf variety with an average plant height of 101 cm. Post-Green Revolution challenges Early sowing Seeds: - These types of seeds are suitable for utilizing the moisture left in the soil after harvesting maize. Using cross-sectional data obtained from a survey conducted during 2013 crop season, we performed a probit model (plot-level analysis) to determine the Better quality: There are different reasons for improving the quality of different crops, such as . The National Development Plan III Objective Two targets sustainable industrialisation for inclusive growth. In this paper, farmer's perception towards improved highland maize varieties were investigated or Generally, the improved varieties were not showed their maximum potential yield due to shortage of rain fall when compared to the adaptation yield of 15.82qt/ha for Tseday and 15.61qt/ha for Boset in midland agro ecology of Guji Zone (Aliyi et al., 2016 . Researchers have been assembling and managing ex situ collections of crop diversity in a systematic manner for over a century, securing traditional crop varieties and related wild species . Description This book contains 21 chapters presenting the most comprehensive, accurate and informative view of the spread of improved crop cultivars in Africa south of Sahara. Developing Crop Varieties with Improved Nutrient-Use Efficiency. Jai Prakash Singh has developed many improved and high yielding varieties of wheat, paddy, mustard and pigeon pea. Crop improvement, adoption, and impact of improved varieties in food crops in sub-Saharan Africa. Crop protection management. Tuber crop farming. Hidden hunger: addressing micronutrient deficiencies using improved crop varieties. This study was conducted in boji Gebisa, Ambo District, West Shoa, Ethiopia. Of these, 7 are crop varieties from cereals, 9 crop varieties from pulses and Oil crops and 5 are crop varieties from seed spices. Desirable traits included crop varieties (also known as cultivars, . Over thousands of years farmers selected for desirable traits in crops, and thus improved the plants for agricultural purposes. C himwemwe Elifala, 29, is a farmer from Madimbo Village in Mchinji District. Thus plant breeding leads to reduction in diversity. RICE • Rice is the predominant cereal crop in South Asia. How do we create demand among large numbers of small-holder farmers so they buy increasing quantities of seed of improved crop varieties? Approximately 50 to 60% of this increase has been attributed to improved crop cultivars (varieties), with the remainder of the yield improvement attributable to improved crop Research is underway to improve crop varieties with higher yields, strengthen stress tolerance, disease and pest resistance, decrease input costs, and increase nutritional value. However, it has five main undesirable effects on crop plants. The variety is susceptible to red leaf spot and stem borer. The CGIAR's Diffusion and Impact of Improved Varieties in Africa (DIIVA) project collected data on improved crop varieties in Africa south of the Sahara. recording sheet. New crop plants suited to growth in semiarid environments will be fundamental to the future of . 1. While qualitative data were analysed trough simple ranking and . Atacama desert plants may hold clues to saving crops. The new varieties are suitable for rainfed agriculture in areas where rainfall is low and erratic. Need for adapted crops/varieties: Reduced availability of farm labor due to other economic activities: Crops/varieties, which require less labor, required: Access to agricultural inputs (such as seed, fertilizer, pesticides) New options to grow crops/varieties with higher yield potential, able to respond to improved soil fertility The varieties were released by Sinana, Bako, Haro Sabu, Mechara and Fedis Agricultural Research Centers (Table below). Its grains are amber, Rice 23 2. Agriculture is its mainstay, with cereal cultivation Read more. • Nepal so far has released and registered more than one hundred rice varieties with full package of practices within the span of about fifty (50) years. 16 Impacts of Improved Bean Varieties on Poverty and Food Security in uganda and rwanda 314 C. Larochelle, J. Alwang, G.W. Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. During the first round meeting of the National Variety Release Committee (NVRC), which held at Adama from June 3-5, 2021, twenty one improved crop varieties were released by IQQO/OARI. Crop variety improvement is the primary step to improve food crop production. New Crop Varieties Improve Tomato and Soybean Yields in Cuba 24 Aug 2021 Puja Daya, IAEA Office of Public Information and Communication Thanks to nuclear techniques, new tomato varieties have been planted and harvested in Cuba this year. On the whole, however, far fewer people live in hunger today than in the past. "This makes it more susceptible to crop diseases, pests and weeds." OSU groundbreaking heralds continued 'guarantee' of providing farmer access to improved crop varieties STILLWATER, Okla. - Oklahoma Foundation Seed Stocks has more than doubled its annual production of Foundation Seed developed by Oklahoma State University plant breeders over the last five years, leading to the need for a new, much-larger . State-bred rice varieties helped achieve national food production goals during the Green Revolution of the 1970s, but these varieties were highly unpopular and were abandoned soon, as the government stopped promoting them. Improved varieties along with local variety were also analysed through independent t-statistics. Norton, E. Katungi and R.A. Labarta 17 the Diffusion and Impact of Improved Food Crop Varieties in Sub-Saharan Africa 338 K. Fuglie and J. Marder PArt 4 SyntHESES AnD LESSonS LEArnED ABout HoW to CArry out FuturE rESEArCH Ultimately, the application of this model could help farmers and agricultural scientists to develop methods to improve yields for important crops like wheat and, in the future, help to address the . Description. The introduction of new cultivated species and improved varieties of crop is a technology aimed at enhancing plant productivity, quality, health and nutritional value and/or building crop resilience to diseases, pest organisms and environmental stresses. "I believe in knowledge sharing and farming is . Maize 4 3. A recent study on the impact of improved groundnut varieties in rural Uganda found that adoption can significantly increase crop income and reduce poverty (Kassie et al., 2011). Indeed, Fig. The combination of high-yield crop varieties and the widespread use of inorganic fertilizers markedly improved crop production, with clear benefits in terms of food security 15 . Thus farmers must be empowered with skills in modern crop husbandry and be availed improved crop varieties to advance productivity to enable them sustain supply of quality raw materials for the agro-processing industries. Kudrat 3 is a perennial variety while the other two are annuals. Soybean 4 Total 7 Species 43 Varieties Table 2. improved crop varieties Community participation: Greening the Aba Gerima watershed in Ethiopia 07 May 2021 The Aba Gerima watershed covers the upper portion of Lake Tana sub-basin in north-western Ethiopia. The results on the perception of farmers variety attributes showed that improved varieties had desirable production and marketing attributes while the local . However, Haryana Chari (J5-73/53): The variety was released for all sorghum growing areas in 1976. In pursuit of this, the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), with USAID support, has started a five-year . Norton, E. Katungi and R.A. Labarta 17 the Diffusion and Impact of Improved Food Crop Varieties in Sub-Saharan Africa 338 K. Fuglie and J. Marder PArt 4 SyntHESES AnD LESSonS LEArnED ABout HoW to CArry out FuturE rESEArCH (Photos: M.C. 6 shows that a marginal difference was found between improved varieties and local ones with the control tillage mode and a much larger difference was found between these two types of varieties under CRT. Improved crops can have more farmer-preferred traits like higher yields or desired coloration. This paper contrasts that experience with the . resistance and the impact on crop production systems. Metrics. Historically, famine has been one of humanity's greatest threats—it claimed nearly 20-40 million lives in China in 1958-61, killed up to 4 million in 1943 in India, and continues to plague the Sahel region in Africa. improved crop varieties, majority of the farmers grow the improved and the traditional varieties. During the interactive session, speaking on improved rice varieties and the latest farming technologies, Dr. Ashish Kumar Srivastava, from IRRI SARC also provided an overview of agronomic management practices for the newly-released DTRVs. The number of pods per plant in cases of Kudrat 3, Chamatkar and Karishma are 500-1000, 400-600 and 450-650 respectively while the . Improved crop varieties, agronomic practices, soil water conservation practices Establishment of demonstration plots on improved crop varieties (maize, groundnuts, soybeans and beans) and best-bet agronomic pratices and soil and water conservation practices in Babati, Kongwa, kiteto, Mvomero, Mbozi, Kilosa and Kilolo in Tanzania. Developing improved crop varieties through plant breeding is one way to address this issue." The two cowpea varieties, Lunkhwakwa and Lukusuzi, developed using irradiation, which speeds up the natural process of producing genetic variation in plants, are being multiplied and the seeds will be distributed to 800 farmers in November of this . This can be done by the process of hybridization and cross-breeding. Improved varieties of some crops in Nepal S.R. which held at Adama from June 3-5, 2021, twenty one improved crop varieties were released by IQQO/OARI. Thanks to the adoption of mechanization, agrochemicals, and high-yielding crops during the . Crop diversity is the raw material for the development of new and improved varieties, which provide a range of important benefits to farmers and consumers. Reduction in Diversity : Modern improved varieties are more uniform than land races. Improve Crop (Plant) The ears are medium dense and tapering in shape with whtie glumes. development and dissemination of many improved crop varieties (ICV) for cultivation by farmers worldwide. Demand for Improved Crop Varieties to Drive the Growth of the Plant Genomics Market The global plant genomics market is estimated to be valued at USD 7.3 billion in 2019 and is projected to reach USD 11.7 billion by 2025, recording a CAGR of 8.3%. Improved Crop Varieties, Agronomic Practices, Soil Water Conservation Practices Establishment of demonstration plots on improved crop varieties (maize, groundnuts, soybeans and beans) and best-bet agronomic pratices and soil and water conservation practices in Babati, Kongwa, kiteto, Mvomero, Mbozi, Kilosa and Kilolo in Tanzania. This paper examined the effect of variety attributes on adoption of improved sorghum varieties in Kenya. Improved varieties have been developed , but…. Chapter 16 (Page no: 314) Impacts of improved bean varieties on poverty and food security in Uganda and Rwanda. 21.4 It has profuse tillering. field crops in the United States—corn, soybean, and wheat—have increased dramatically since the late 1800s or early 1900s (USDA-ERS n.d.) (Figure 1). Using data from a random sample of 140 farmers, a multivariate probit was used to identify variety-specific drivers of adoption. New crop varieties set to address drought, malnutrition. Of these, 7 are crop varieties from cereals, 9 crop varieties from pulses and Oil crops and 5 are crop varieties from seed spices. Schulte-Geldermann points to a few: Banana hybrids that are genetically close to dessert bananas and exhibit resistance to black sigatoka and fusarium The improved varieties of Pigeon pea. In plant breeding, the development of improved crop varieties is limited by the very long crop duration. The varieties of wheat . This variety has medium tall plants and the seeds are creamy white in colour. Maharjan 2. The introduction of seed of improved varieties to poor farmers would need to be accompanied with access to the knowledge and inputs to successfully grow these varieties (Y. Tadesse et al., unpublished data) and possibly the creation of opportunities for non-farm income generating activities and/or making low-interest loans available. In most crop breeding programs, the rate of yield increment is insufficient to cope with the increased food demand caused by a rapidly expanding global population. This paper analyzes factors underpinning the adoption of improved groundnut varieties among farmers to pave the way for upscaling quality seed used for increased production and commodity business in farming communities. Improving crops. Sustainable crop production intensification will use crops and varieties that are better adapted to ecologically based production practices than those currently available, which were bred for . Number of the improved fruit crops released in Bhutan (1988-2017) The improvement of crop plants by alteration of traits using traditional plant breeding program is time consuming and labor intensive. For several years, he has been inspiring the farming community in Madimbo and surrounding villages to adopt new agricultural technologies that he often showcases. Genome editing encompasses a wide variety of tools using either a site-specific recombinase (SSR) or a site-specific nuclease (SSN) system. Researchers have been assembling and managing ex situ collections of crop diversity in a systematic manner for over a century, securing traditional crop varieties and related wild species . 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